Retractable gripping apparatus for walking assistance devices

ABSTRACT

A safety device provides a retractable gripping device for use in conjunction with walking assistance devices such that a user may safely navigate on slippery surfaces. An activating mechanism is provided for user convenience. A locking mechanism moves into a locked position. To deactivate the gripping device, the user again activates a deactivating device to return the gripping device back to its retracted, deactivated position. The gripping device is configured such that it may be used in conjunction with existing walking assistance devices. The retractable gripping mechanism and locking device are preferably controlled by the user with minimal effort, with the control mechanism positioned at or near where the users hands are positioned during use.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application relates to and claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/526,924 filed Aug. 24, 2011 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/637,667 filed Mar. 24, 2012, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein fully by reference.

FIGURE FOR PUBLICATION

FIG. 9A

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a safety apparatus and method for preventing slipping of walking assistance devices such as crutches, canes, walkers, and/or other similar walking support devices. More particularly, the present invention provides a retractable gripping device for use in conjunction with a walking assistance device such that a user may safely navigate on wet, icy or otherwise slippery surfaces. A corresponding method of preventing slipping of a walking support device is also provided.

2. Description of the Related Art

Walking assistance devices, such as crutches, canes, walkers, and other similar devices have been used for years by various people needing assistance walking and/or other physical support. A user of these walking assistance devices faces his or her greatest challenge when walking on wet, icy, or otherwise slippery surfaces. During use of such a device it is important that the support provided by the device is steady so that the user can safely navigate on the device without risk of injury, especially when the walking assistance device is used on wet, icy, or otherwise slippery surfaces because such surfaces may cause the tip of the walking assistance devices to slip (e.g., to the front, to the back, or to the side) causing the user to lose balance and fall possibly leading to injury.

With regard to the configuration of the tips for such walking assistance devices, the prior art discloses friction based tips having a lower surface or tread piece which is divided or separated into a plurality of segments, each of which has an edge or portion thereof to provide a separate frictional engagement with the ground or other supporting surface when the tip is flexed. The related art also discloses tips having a screw-in-type receiver for the shaft of the walking assistance device (small spike). The lower surface of the tread piece includes a plurality of downwardly or outwardly depending projections or fingers for receiving and flexing about small articles while maintaining traction with the ground or other supporting surface. Moreover, typical prior art tips are made of natural rubber because they provide superior performance on a variety of surfaces. However, such natural rubber tips typically provide insufficient traction on smooth wet or otherwise slippery surfaces.

Over the years, many different types of tips to be employed on the bottom of crutches, canes, walkers and the like, have been provided in an attempt to help prevent slipping on wet, icy or otherwise slippery surfaces. One such known configuration consists of a base, an upholding pole, and a mantle. At the top of the base, there is a cavity for engaging with the ball-shaped end piece at the end of the upholding pole. The end piece will then be able to adjust to follow the lay of surface by changing its supporting angle moderately and thus minimize the risk of slipping. As another attempt at a solution to this problem, the prior art also discloses inserting one or more disks or strips of non-skid material, such as a metal wire brush, into a rubber tip tread piece in order to improve traction on wet surfaces. Still other attempts to solve this problem included use of various materials to replace the rubber tip. However, natural rubber has an advantage on substantially dry or substantially rough surfaces in that it sloughs off its surface layer when abraded with each step and presents a clean, tacky surface to the supporting surface, in the nature of a rubber pencil eraser. Other material did not prove to be suitable replacements for natural rubber. However, none of the known tips have adequately alleviated this slipping problem.

Accordingly, there is a need for an improved crutch, cane, walker or other walking assistance device that provides added safety to users on icy or other slippery surfaces. Further, there is also a need for such an improved crutch that has an easy to use retractable gripping device that a user can activate and deactivate during use of the crutch, cane, walker or other walking assistance device.

SUMMARY AND ASPECTS OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a safety device for use with walking assistance devices such as crutches, canes, walkers and the like. More particularly, the present invention provides a retractable gripping device for use in conjunction with a walking assistance device such that a user may safely navigate on slippery or icy surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, to activate the gripping device, the user of the crutch must push the activating knob down and turn it in the clockwise direction such that locking mechanism moves into the locked position. To deactivate the gripping device, the user again pushes down the knob and turns it in a counter-clockwise direction such that a spring internal to the lower leg portion of the crutch will return the gripping device back to its retracted, deactivated position. Preferably, the gripping device is configured such that it may be used in conjunction with existing walking assistance devices, with only minor adjustments or modifications without altering the basic design of the walking assistance device. Also, the retractable gripping mechanism and locking device are preferably controlled (i.e., activated or deactivated) by the user with minimal effort, with the control mechanism preferably positioned at or proximate near where the users hands are conveniently positioned on the walking assistance device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, disclosed is an apparatus for a retractable gripping device for use with a walking assistance device (e.g., forearm crutch, an underarm crutch, a platform crutch, a strutter crutch, a cane, a walking stick, a walker, etc.), wherein the apparatus comprises a shaft that is made of a rigid material, the shaft having an upper and lower end, wherein the lower end has a tip positioned thereon, a control or activating knob or handle (e.g., a round knob, a knurled knob, an oval knob, a triangular knob, a straight handle, a curved handle, etc.) positioned at the upper end of the shaft, a gripping mechanism positioned at the lower end of the shaft, a rod position longitudinally within the shaft, the rod connecting the knob and the gripping mechanism for providing a gripping action to a surface on which the walking assistance device is used, and a locking mechanism positioned on the rod between the upper and lower ends of the shaft such that when in a locked position the locking mechanism holds the gripping means in position extending through the tip, wherein the gripping mechanism comprises a rigid anti-slip surface, and wherein the locking mechanism is activated by exerting a downward force on the control knob and then rotating the control knob.

Optionally, the longitudinal position of the locking mechanism is controlled by at least one spring, wherein the spring exerts an upward force on the rod. In such an embodiment, the spring is positioned substantially near the locking mechanism, and/or substantially near said control knob, and/or substantially near said tip. Preferably, the rod is supported within the shaft on the upper end by a press fit bushing. In the embodiment for use with a crutch, the crutch preferably comprises at least two generally straight upper tubes or legs positioned substantially parallel to each other, a shoulder pad, preferably fabricated of elastomeric material, positioned at the top of each of the two tubes thereby connecting them in a substantially parallel configuration, and a hand grip, preferably fabricated of elastomeric material and including an axial aperture extending there through, positioned between the two tubes. In such an embodiment, the retractable gripping device is positioned longitudinally between and secured to a lower end of the straight upper legs or tubes such that the control knob or handle is located near the hand grip and the tip is located at the lowest end of the crutch. Optionally, the vertical position of the retractable gripping device is adjustable by engaging to at least one pair of matching holes on the two upper legs or tubes.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a retractable gripping device for use in conjunction with a crutch such that a user may safely navigate on wet, icy or otherwise slippery surfaces.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a retractable gripping device that is adaptable for use in conjunction with existing crutches, with only minor adjustments or modifications without altering the basic design of the crutches, such that a user may safely navigate on wet, icy or otherwise slippery surfaces.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a retractable gripping device for use in conjunction with a crutch such that the retractable gripping mechanism and locking device may be controlled or activated by the user with minimal effort, as well as be easily controlled or deactivated in a similar manner. In such an embodiment, the activating mechanism is preferably positioned such that the user may control or activate it while continuing to utilize the crutches (e.g., without having to turn over the crutches).

It is an object of the present invention to provide a retractable gripping device that is adaptable for use as a replacement kit for use in conjunction with existing canes, walkers, and other walking assistance devices.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a retractable gripping device having a locking device, for example, like a twist and pivot mechanism or an indexed pressure (pen-type)-click mechanism.

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals designate the same elements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A further understanding of the present invention can be obtained by reference to a preferred embodiment set forth in the illustrations of the accompanying drawings. Although the illustrated preferred embodiment is merely exemplary of methods, structures and compositions for carrying out the present invention, both the organization and method of the invention, in general, together with further objectives and advantages thereof, may be more easily understood by reference to the drawings and the following description. The drawings are not intended to limit the scope of this invention, which is set forth with particularity in the claims as appended or as subsequently amended, but merely to clarify and exemplify the invention.

For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference is now made to the following drawings in which:

FIG. 1A shows a front plan view of conventional walking crutch;

FIG. 1B shows a front plan view of a walking crutch having a retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2A shows a front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position;

FIG. 2B shows a front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position;

FIG. 2C shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 2D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 2B;

FIG. 3A shows an exposed front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3B shows an exposed front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 3B;

FIG. 3D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 3B;

FIG. 4A shows a side view of conventional walker;

FIG. 4B shows a side view of a walker having a retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5A shows a side view of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position;

FIG. 5B shows a side view of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position;

FIG. 5C shows an enlarged view of the lower end of one leg of the walker shown in FIG. 5A;

FIG. 5D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of one leg of the walker shown in FIG. 5B;

FIG. 6A shows an exposed partial side view of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6B shows an exposed partial side view of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 6B;

FIG. 6D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 6B;

FIG. 7A shows an exposed front plan view of an alternative embodiment of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7B shows an exposed front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 7A having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 7B;

FIG. 7D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 7B;

FIG. 8A shows an exposed partial side view of an alternative embodiment of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8B shows an exposed partial side view of the walker shown in FIG. 8A having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 8B;

FIG. 8D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 8B;

FIG. 9A shows an exposed front plan view of a second alternative embodiment of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the second alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9B shows an exposed front plan view of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 9A having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the second alternative embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 9B;

FIG. 9D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 9B;

FIG. 10A shows a partial exposed side view of the walker shown in FIG. 5A having an alternative embodiment of the retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position;

FIG. 10B shows a partial exposed side view of the walker shown in FIG. 10A having an alternative embodiment of the retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position;

FIG. 10C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 10B;

FIG. 10D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of one leg of the walker shown in FIG. 10B; and

FIG. 11 shows an exposed side view of the walker shown in FIG. 4B having an alternative embodiment of the retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

As required, a detailed illustrative embodiment of the present invention is disclosed herein. However, techniques, systems, compositions and operating structures in accordance with the present invention may be embodied in a wide variety of sizes, shapes, forms and modes, some of which may be quite different from those in the disclosed embodiment. Consequently, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative, yet in that regard, they are deemed to afford the best embodiment for purposes of disclosure and to provide a basis for the claims herein which define the scope of the present invention.

Reference will now be made in detail to several embodiments of the invention that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts or steps. The drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale. For purposes of convenience and clarity only, directional terms, such as top, bottom, up, down, over, above, below, etc., or motional terms, such as forward, back, sideways, transverse, etc. may be used with respect to the drawings. These and similar directional terms should not be construed to limit the scope of the invention in any manner.

Referring first to FIG. 1, shown is a comparison of a standard crutch compared to the new gripping crutch for slippery conditions. FIG. 1A shows the standard crutch. The standard crutch 2 typically has an upper shaft made of two tubes or stems. A hand grip 6 of the crutch 2 is positioned generally in the center of the length of the crutch 2, and is preferably adjustable like many other conventional crutches. The standard crutch 2 also comprises lower shaft 8 preferably comprised of one aluminum tube that constitutes a leg part of the crutch 2, and extended from the upper shaft toward to ground surface. Preferably, the position of the lower shaft 8 with respect to the upper shaft is adjustable. An armrest 4 at the top of the crutch 2 is preferably fabricated with elastomeric material, the armrest 4 having a slightly indented upper surface. A hand grip (3) fabricated of elastomeric material and including an axial aperture extending there through. The hand grip being positioned between the two upper tubes of crutch 2. The vertical position of the hand grip 6 may be adjusted by engaging the hand grip 6 to one pair of matching holes on the two upper tubes at the same vertical level. At the lower end of lower tube 8 there is preferably a tip 10 positioned on the end of the lower tube 8. Tip 10 is typically made of a rubber-like material for engagement on typical surfaces, such as tile, marble, wood, pavement, cement, etc.

In accordance with the present invention, lower tube or shaft 8 of a standard crutch 2 is replaced with a retractable gripping device 18 as shown in FIG. 1B. Here, shown is a crutch 12 that incorporates the retractable gripping device 18 according to the invention. Preferably, retractable gripping device 18 comprises a shaft 26 that is made of a rigid material, having an upper and lower end, a control knob 28 positioned at the upper end of the shaft 26, a gripping means 22 positioned at the lower end of the shaft 26, a rod 27 position longitudinally within the shaft 26 connecting the knob 28 and the gripping means 22 for providing a gripping action to a surface on which the crutch is used, and a locking mechanism 24 positioned on the rod 27 at a location between the knob 28 and the gripping means 22 such that when in a locked position the locking mechanism 24 holds the gripping means 22 in position extending through the tip 20. During operation, the locking mechanism 24 is activated by the user exerting a downward force on the control knob 28 and then rotating the control knob in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. Also, as shown, the modifications are made at the lower end of the upper portion of crutch 12. That is, the lower portion of a standard crutch is replaced with a new lower portion having the retractable gripping device 26. Also, the lower portion is preferably extended upward toward the hand grip 16 used by the user such that adjustment of the retractable gripping device 26 is easily controlled by the user wile he/she is using the crutch 12. Preferably, incorporation of the lower leg having the retractable gripping device 26 does not alter the height adjustability of the crutch 12.

Referring next to FIG. 2A, depicted is the crutch 12 in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1B, with the gripping device 26 deactivated and in its retracted position. In FIG. 2A, shown is a front plan view of the walking crutch 12 having a retractable gripping device 26. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 2C, an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch 12 shown in FIG. 2A, pin or screw type locking mechanism 25 is in the raised and retracted position within bored opening 37. In this position, the gripping mechanism 22 is in a retracted position such that it does not extend or protrude through the bottom of tip 20. To activate the retractable gripping device 26, the user of the crutch 12 must push the activating knob 28 down (which may be any convenient shape or size to provide easy access to and activation of the knob) such that the locking mechanism 25 moves to the lower end of bored opening 37. Once in that position, the user need only turn knob 28 in a clockwise direction until locking mechanism 25 moves into a lower locked position within bored opening 37.

To deactivate the gripping device, the user must again push down the knob and turn it in a counter-clockwise direction such that a spring internal to the lower leg portion of the crutch will return the gripping device back to its retracted, deactivated position. As shown, when not activated a retaining spring maintains the gripping device in the retracted, deactivated upward position. Also as shown, when the gripping device is activated in the extended position, the spring is compressed. When the knob is turned clockwise, the spring will hold the gripping device in the locked position. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device will maintain it in the locked position in conjunction with the spring.

Turning to FIG. 2B, depicted is the crutch 12 shown in FIG. 1B, with the gripping device 26 activated and in its extended position. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 2D, an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch 12 shown in FIG. 2B, pin or screw type locking mechanism 25 is in the activated and in its extended position within bored opening 37 such that gripping mechanism or surface 22 is protruding through the bottom of tip 20. To deactivate the gripping device 26, the user must again push down the knob 28 and turn it in a counter-clockwise direction such that a spring 34 (FIG. 3A-D) internal to the lower leg portion of the crutch 12 will return the gripping device 26 back to its retracted, deactivated position. As shown in FIG. 3A, when not activated a retaining spring 34 maintains the gripping device 26 in the retracted, deactivated upward position. As shown in FIGS. 3B-C, when the gripping device 26 is activated in the extended position, the spring 34 is compressed. When the knob 28 is turned clockwise, the spring 34 will hold the gripping device 26 in the locked position. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 26 will maintain it in the locked position in conjunction with the spring 34.

More particularly, FIGS. 3A-C show the internal components of the retractable gripping device 26 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. In particular, gripping device 26 preferably comprises knob or handle 28, shaft or tube 18 having openings at either end as well a bored opening 37, rod 32, locking mechanism 25, gripping surface or mechanism 22, and foot 20. Optionally, a spring 34, and bushings 30 and 36 may be employed. Spring 34 may optionally be positioned below the locking mechanism 25 such that the spring 34 would exert an upward force on the rod 32 to maintain the gripping device 26 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob 28 and locking mechanism 25. Alternatively, the spring may be located at or near the top of gripping device 26. Similarly, spring 34 would exert an upward force on the rod 32 at or near the control knob 28 to maintain the gripping device 26 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob 28 and locking mechanism 25. Also, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, rod 32 and gripping mechanism 22 may be constructed as a single integrated component, unlike the two separate components as in the preferred embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the retractable gripping device 26 is preferably configured as a twist-and-pivot retractable locking system. As described above in greater detail, the twist and pivot retractable gripping device is activated (i.e., extended) or deactivated (i.e., retracted) by pushing down on the control knob 28 and twisting the control knob 28 to further twist the locking mechanism 25 such that it pivots and locks into either the activated or deactivated position. In an alternative embodiment, a click pen type retractable system may be used such that the user merely has to press down on control knob 28 to activate the gripping mechanism 22, and then press down on knob 28 again to deactivate the gripping mechanism 22.

Turning next to FIGS. 4-6, depicted is another type of walking assistance device for which the present invention may be used. FIG. 1A depicts a conventional walker 40 which consists of a series of interconnected tubes, bars, pipes or rods to form a frame that a user can easily and safely use to support a good portion of his/her weight while attempting to walk around. Typically, such conventional walkers are configured to have four legs whose lower ends are configured to interact with the ground surface. As shown in FIG. 1A, one such convention walker includes wheels 44 on two legs, and feet 42 on the other two legs. Other embodiments exist where all four legs have wheels 44 on their lower ends, or all four legs have feet 42 on their lower ends.

Preferably, the retractable gripping device according to the present invention may be employed in the legs of a conventional walker that employs feet on the bottom ends of at least some of its legs, as depicted in FIGS. 4B, 5A-D and 6A-D. In particular, FIGS. 5A-B show side views of a walker 50 employing a retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 5A, depicted is the walker 50 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, with the gripping device 46 deactivated and in its retracted position. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 5C, an enlarged view of the lower end of a leg from the walker 50 shown in FIG. 5A, a pin or screw type locking mechanism 47 is in the raised and retracted position within a bored opening. In this position, the gripping mechanism 46 (FIGS. 5B and 5D) is in a retracted position such that it does not extend or protrude through the bottom of tip 42. To activate the retractable gripping device, the user of the walker 50 must push the activating knob 28 down (which may be any convenient shape or size to provide easy access to and activation of the knob) such that the locking mechanism 47 moves to the lower end of bored opening 37. Once in that position, the user need only slide, turn or rotate knob 52 in a clockwise direction until locking mechanism 47 moves into a lower locked position within a bored opening, as depicted in FIGS. 5B and 5D.

To deactivate the gripping device 46, the user must again push down the knob 52 and slide, turn or rotate it in a counter-clockwise direction such that a spring internal to the lower leg portion of the walker will return the gripping device 46 back to its retracted, deactivated position. As shown in FIGS. 6A-D, when not activated, a retaining spring 64 maintains the gripping device 46 in the retracted, deactivated and upward position (see FIG. 6A). Also as shown, when the gripping device 46 is activated and in the extended position, the spring 64 is compressed. When the knob 52 is rotated clockwise, the spring 64 will hold the gripping device 46 in the locked and activated position. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 46 will maintain it in the locked position in conjunction with the spring 64.

More particularly, FIGS. 6A-C depict the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. In particular, gripping device preferably comprises knob, lever, pin or handle 52, rod or stem 58, locking mechanism 48, gripping surface or mechanism 46, and foot 42. Of course, in this embodiment, the legs of walker 50 would preferably contain bored openings 56 and 60 for the control knob 52 and locking mechanism 48, respectively, to pass through to the rod 58 that is positioned longitudinally within the legs of walker 50. Optionally, a spring 64, and bushings 54 and 62 may be employed. Spring 64 may optionally be positioned below the locking mechanism 48 such that the spring 64 would exert an upward force on the rod 58 to maintain the gripping device 46 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob, lever, pin or handle 52 and locking mechanism 48. Alternatively, the spring 64 may be located near control knob, lever, pin or handle 52. In this configuration, spring 64 would similarly exert an upward force on the rod 58 at or near the control knob, lever, pin or handle 52 to maintain the gripping device in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob, lever, pin or handle 52 and locking mechanism 48. Also, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, rod 58 and gripping mechanism 46 may be constructed as a single integrated component.

FIG. 7A shows an exposed front plan view of an alternative embodiment of the walking crutch 12 shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device 76 depicted in the retracted or deactivated position. FIG. 7A further shows the internal components of the retractable gripping device 76 in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7B shows an exposed front plan view of the walking crutch 12 shown in FIG. 7A having a retractable gripping device 76 depicted in the extended or activated position. FIG. 7B further shows the internal components of the retractable gripping device 76 in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 7B, and FIG. 7D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 7B. As depicted in FIGS. 7A-D, gripping device 76 preferably comprises knob or handle 72, shaft or tube 76 having openings at either end, rod or tube 73, locking mechanism 75, gripping surface or mechanism 22, and foot 20. Optionally, a spring 34, and bushing 74 may be employed. Spring 34 may optionally be positioned below the locking mechanism 75 such that the spring 34 would exert an upward force on the rod 32 to maintain the gripping device 76 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob 72 and locking mechanism 75. Alternatively, the spring may be located at or near the top of gripping device 76. Similarly, spring 34 would exert an upward force on the rod 73 at or near the control knob 72 to maintain the gripping device 76 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob 72 and locking mechanism 75. Also, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, rod 73 and gripping mechanism 22 may be constructed as a single integrated component, unlike the two separate components as in the preferred embodiment.

More specifically, looking at FIG. 7B, depicted is the crutch 12 shown in FIG. 1B, with the gripping device 76 activated and in its extended position. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 2D, which shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch 12 shown in FIG. 2B, gripping mechanism 22 is in the activated and in its extended position protruding through the bottom of tip 20. To activate the gripping device 76, the user must push down the knob 72 thereby forcing end 75 downward such that compressed gas or air or fluid within space 78 near the lower end of gripping device 76 forces gripping mechanism 22 downward through the bottom of tip 20. Optionally, gripping device 76 has a locking mechanism 75 to retain gripping device 76 in the activated position until such time as the user wishes to deactivate gripping device 76. Preferably, locking mechanism 75 is a pen-click type of locking device whereby a first compression of knob 72 locks gripping device 76 in the activated position, and a second compression of knob 72 releases the gripping mechanism 22 such that gripping device is back in the deactivated position.

As shown in FIG. 7A, when not activated a retaining spring 34 maintains the gripping device 76 in the retracted, deactivated upward position. As shown in FIGS. 7B-D, when the gripping device 76 is activated in the extended position, the spring 34 is compressed. When the knob 72 has been depressed a first time, the spring 34 and locking mechanism 75 will hold the gripping device 76 in the locked and activated position. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 76 will maintain it in the locked position in conjunction with the spring 34.

As shown in FIGS. 7A-D, the retractable gripping device 76 is preferably configured as a pen-click retractable locking system. As described above in greater detail, the pen-click retractable gripping device preferably comprises at least a pair of springs that allow the gripping device 22 to retract. The first spring (ratchet spring) is preferably located inside the bottom portion of tube 76 of the gripping mechanism (i.e., where the gripping device 22 comes out). The rod 73 is positioned through this first spring before going through the open end of the tube 76. At the upper end of gripping mechanism 76, a second spring may be positioned inside of upper end of the tube 76. This second spring (i.e., a knob spring) may be connected to a screw and a clip, which are then connected to the knob 72 at the end of the pen. When knob 72 is depressed a first time, it presses down on the knob spring, which then forces the rod or inner tube 73 downward and out through the bottom end of gripping mechanism 76 such that it is in the activated position. A locking mechanism 75 consisting of tiny pits and teeth interlock with each other to keep the gripping mechanism 76 in its activated position. When knob 72 is depressed a second time, it again presses down on the knob spring, which then forces the rod or inner tube 73 downward and out through the bottom end of gripping mechanism 76 such that the tiny pits and teeth unlock and the rod or tube 73 and gripping device 22 are sprung back inside tube 76 by the ratchet spring such that it is in the deactivated position.

Turning next to FIG. 8A, shown is an exposed partial side view of an alternative embodiment of the walker leg shown in FIG. 4B having a retractable gripping device 83 with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, and further shows the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 8B shows an exposed partial side view of the walker shown in FIG. 8A having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position, and further shows the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the alternative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 8C shows an enlarged view of the upper end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 8B, while FIG. 8D shows an enlarged view of the lower end of the retractable gripping device shown in FIG. 8B.

In particular, FIGS. 8A-D depict another type of walking assistance device for which the present invention may be used. FIG. 8A depicts a leg of a conventional walker such as the one shown in FIGS. 4-5, which consists of a series of interconnected tubes, bars, pipes or rods to form a frame that a user can easily and safely use to support a good portion of his/her weight while attempting to walk around. Typically, such conventional walkers are configured to have four legs whose lower ends are configured to interact with the ground surface. As shown in FIG. 4A, one such convention walker includes wheels 44 on two legs, and feet 42 on the other two legs. Other embodiments exist where all four legs have wheels 44 on their lower ends, or all four legs have feet 42 on their lower ends.

Preferably, the retractable gripping device according to the present invention may be employed in the legs of a conventional walker that employs feet on the bottom ends of at least some of its legs, as depicted in FIGS. 8A-D. In particular, FIGS. 8A-B show side views of one leg of a walker employing a retractable gripping device in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 8A, shown is the gripping device deactivated and in its retracted position. Referring to FIG. 8B, shown is the gripping device activated and in its extended position. As depicted more clearly in FIGS. 8C-D, an enlarged view of the upper and lower ends of the leg shown in FIG. 8A. In particular, shown is the retractable gripping device configured as a pen-click retractable locking system. As described above in greater detail, the pen-click retractable gripping device preferably comprises at least a pair of springs that allow the gripping device 46 to retract. The first spring (ratchet spring) is preferably located inside the bottom portion of tube 84 of the gripping mechanism (i.e., where the gripping device 46 comes out). The rod 83 is positioned through this first spring before going through the open end of the tube 84. At the upper end of gripping mechanism, a second spring may be positioned inside of upper end of the tube. This second spring (i.e., a knob spring) may be connected to a screw and a clip, which are then connected to the knob 82 at the end of the pen. When knob 82 is depressed a first time, it presses down on the knob spring, which then forces the rod or inner tube 83 downward and out through the bottom end of gripping mechanism such that it is in the activated position. A locking mechanism 85 consisting of tiny pits and teeth interlock with each other to keep the gripping mechanism in its activated position. When knob 82 is depressed a second time, it again presses down on the knob spring, which then forces the rod or inner tube 83 downward and out through the bottom end of gripping mechanism such that the tiny pits and teeth unlock and the rod or tube 83 and gripping device 46 are sprung back inside tube 84 by the ratchet spring such that it is in the deactivated position.

To activate the retractable gripping device, the user of the walker 80 must push the activating knob 82 down (which may be any convenient shape or size to provide easy access to and activation of the knob) such that the locking mechanism 88 rotates into a first locking position such that gripping device 46 is in the activated position. To deactivate the gripping device 46, the user must again push down the knob 82 such that the locking mechanism 88 rotates into a second locking position such that gripping device 46 is in the retracted, deactivated position. As shown in FIG. 8A, when not activated, a retaining spring maintains the gripping device 46 in the retracted, deactivated and upward position. Also as shown, when the gripping device 46 is activated and in the extended position, the spring is compressed. When the knob 82 is again depressed, the spring will hold the gripping device 46 in the locked and activated position. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 46 will maintain it in the locked position in conjunction with the springs.

More particularly, FIGS. 8A-C depict the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention. In particular, the gripping device preferably comprises knob 82, rod or stem 83, spring 34, locking mechanism 88, gripping surface or mechanism 46, and foot 20. Of course, in this embodiment, the legs of walker 80 would preferably contain locking mechanism 88, respectively, to pass through to the rod 83 that is positioned longitudinally within the legs of walker 80. Optionally, a spring and bushings may be employed. The spring may optionally be positioned below or above the locking mechanism 88 such that the spring would exert an upward force on the rod 83 to maintain the gripping device 46 in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob and locking mechanism 88. Alternatively, the spring may be located near control knob 82. In this configuration, the spring would similarly exert an upward force on the rod 83 at or near the control knob 82 to maintain the gripping device in either the activated or deactivated position depending on the position of control knob and locking mechanism 88. Also, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, rod 83 and gripping mechanism 46 may be constructed as a single integrated component.

Referring next to FIGS. 9A-D, shown is an exposed front plan view of a second alternative embodiment of the walking crutch shown in FIG. 1B having a retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position (see FIG. 9A), showing the internal components of the retractable gripping device in accordance with the second alternative embodiment of the invention, as well as with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position (see FIGS. 9B-D). In particular, depicted in FIGS. 9B-D is the crutch 12 shown with the gripping device 22 activated and in its extended position. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 9D, an enlarged view of the lower end of the walking crutch 12 showing gripping device 22 is in the activated and in its extended position within bored opening 36 such that gripping mechanism or surface 22 is protruding through the bottom of tip 20. Preferably, this second alternative embodiment of the gripping mechanism comprises knob 90, fluid chamber 92, connector 96, stem or tube 93, bushings 94 and 98, spring 96, compression chamber 95, and gripping device 22.

To activate the gripping device 22, the user must in one embodiment repeatedly press on knob 90 such that gas or other fluid is forced from chamber 92 through stem or tube 93 into compression chamber 95 thereby exerting a downward force on bushing 98 sufficient enough to compress spring 96 and move gripping device downward through bore 36 in bottom of tip 20. Alternatively, the forcing of gas or other fluid from chamber 92 through stem 93 into chamber 95 may be controlled by continued rotation of knob 90 until sufficient gas or fluid has entered chamber 95 to force gripping device through the bottom of tip 20. Preferably, bushing 94 is fixed in position with lateral seal within the tube of the gripping mechanism, while bushing 98 is preferably moveable laterally within the tube but also with lateral seal such that the fluid or gas may not escape.

To deactivate the gripping device 22, the user must again push down and hold the knob 90 to release the fluid or gas from chamber 95 such that the downward force exerted on gripping device 22 reduces such that the upward force exerted by spring 96 is greater than the downward force exerted by the gas or fluid in chamber 95 and to retract gripping device 22 and return the gripping device 22 back to its retracted, deactivated position. As shown in FIG. 9A, when not activated a retaining spring 96 maintains the gripping device 22 in the retracted, deactivated upward position. As shown in FIGS. 9B-D, when the gripping device 22 is activated in the extended position, the spring 96 is compressed. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 22 by the gas or fluid in chamber 95 will maintain gripping device 22 in a locked position in conjunction with the spring 96.

Referring next to FIGS. 10A-D and 11, shown are whole (FIG. 11) and partial (FIGS. 10A-D) exposed side view of an alternative embodiment of the gripping mechanism for use with a walker like the one shown in FIG. 5A having a second alternative embodiment of the retractable gripping device similar to the one depicted in FIGS. 9A-D. FIG. 10A shows the retractable gripping device in the retracted or deactivated position, while FIGS. 10B-D shows a partial exposed side view of the retractable gripping device with the retractable gripping device in the extended or activated position. As depicted more clearly in FIG. 10D, an enlarged view of the lower end of the walker 100 showing gripping device 46 in the activated and in its extended position within bored opening 66 such that gripping device or surface 46 is protruding through the bottom of tip 20. Preferably, this second alternative embodiment of the gripping mechanism comprises knob 102, fluid chamber 103, connector 104, stem or tube 105, bushings 106 and 109, spring 108, compression chamber 107, and gripping device 46.

Similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9A-D, to activate the gripping device 46, the user must in one embodiment repeatedly press on knob 102 such that gas or other fluid is forced from chamber 103 through stem or tube 105 into compression chamber 107 thereby exerting a downward force on bushing 109 sufficient enough to compress spring 108 and move gripping device downward through bore 66 in bottom of tip 20. Alternatively, the forcing of gas or other fluid from chamber 103 through stem 105 into chamber 107 may be controlled by continued rotation of knob 102 until sufficient gas or fluid has entered chamber 107 to force gripping device 46 through the bottom of tip 20. Preferably, bushing 106 is fixed in position with lateral seal within the tube of the gripping mechanism, while bushing 109 is preferably moveable laterally within the tube but also with lateral seal such that the fluid or gas may not escape.

To deactivate the gripping device 46, the user must again push down and hold the knob 102 to release the fluid or gas from chamber 107 such that the downward force exerted on gripping device 46 reduces such that the upward force exerted by spring 108 is greater than the downward force exerted by the gas or fluid in chamber 107 and to retract gripping device 46 and return the gripping device 46 back to its retracted, deactivated position. As shown in FIG. 10A, when not activated a retaining spring 108 maintains the gripping device 46 in the retracted, deactivated upward position. As shown in FIGS. 9B-D, when the gripping device 46 is activated in the extended position, the spring 108 is compressed. All downward pressure applied to the gripping device 46 by the gas or fluid in chamber 108 will maintain gripping device 46 in a locked position in conjunction with the spring 108.

The following provides an exemplary list of various parts used in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art from the foregoing, other similar parts may be used to with the present invention without diverting from the spirit and function of the present invention. Part 28 is preferably a knurled activating knob, but other types of knobs or handles may be used. Part 32 is the center rod or shaft connecting the activating knob to the gripping mechanism. Part 30 is preferably a press fit bushing which supports and centers the upper end of the center rod or shaft. Part 26 is the extended lower shaft housing for the retractable gripping device. Part 38 is a bushing that is fastened to the center rod, preferably by a screw. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the head of the fastening screw protrudes through the wall of lower shaft housing and rides within the locking slot 37 machined into the housing. Part 34 is a spring automatically returns the gripping mechanism to its retracted position when the control or activating knob is pushed down and turned counter-clockwise. Then spring will then hold the gripping device in the upward, retracted position, ready for reactivation when needed by the user. When the control or activating knob is pushed down and turned clockwise, the spring holds the gripping mechanism in the activated or extended position. Part 20 is a rubber foot on the bottom end of lower shaft housing 26 and is maintained in position by Part 36. Preferably, this foot has a clearance hole in its bottom center position to allow the gripping mechanism to protrude therethough when in its activated or extended position. Part 36 is a guide bushing which guides the gripping device and is press fit into the lower end of lower shaft housing 26. The bushing also locks the rubber foot in position at the lower end of lower shaft housing 26. Part 22 is the gripping mechanism which is attached to the center rod or shaft on its lower end and is accurately guided through the rubber foot by the guide bushing.

It will be recognized by those of skill in the art that the above disclosure may be optionally actuated by a number of mechanisms without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, the use of a power source (battery), electrical wires, switch, and a motion actuator (screw drive, linear actuator etc) to operate (drive and retract) the retractable gripping apparatus is included herewith, although not depicted. Such a modification would be understood following complete study of the enclosed disclosure so as to enable modification suitable within the required structures to accomplish the goals herein. Similarly, the use of a compressed gas volume (cylinder) to drive and retract a piston connected to a retractable gripping apparatus is included herewith. Similarly any type of pneumatic and hydraulic type actuation system for operating the retractable gripping apparatus is similarly incorporated herewith. Finally, it will be recognized that any suitable means or operable system that may be incorporated in a portable support assistance device (e.g., walking device) maybe operably used to operate the proposed retractable gripping apparatus within the scope of the present invention.

In the claims, means or step-plus-function clauses are intended to cover the structures described or suggested herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Thus, for example, although a nail, a screw, and a bolt may not be structural equivalents in that a nail relies on friction between a wooden part and a cylindrical surface, a screw's helical surface positively engages the wooden part, and a bolt's head and nut compress opposite sides of a wooden part, in the environment of fastening wooden parts, a nail, a screw, and a bolt may be readily understood by those skilled in the art as equivalent structures.

Having described at least one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such embodiments are merely exemplary and that the invention is not limited to those precise embodiments, and that various changes, modifications, and adaptations may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention, therefore, shall be defined solely by the following claims. Further, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that numerous changes may be made in such details without departing from the spirit and the principles of the invention. It should be appreciated that the present invention is capable of being embodied in other forms without departing from its essential characteristics. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for a retractable gripping device for use with a walking assistance device, said apparatus comprising: a shaft that is made of a rigid material, said shaft having an upper and lower end, wherein said lower end has a tip positioned thereon; a control knob positioned at the upper end of said shaft; a gripping means positioned at the lower end of said shaft; a rod position longitudinally within said shaft, said rod connecting said knob and said gripping means for providing a gripping action to a surface on which the walking assistance device is used; and a locking mechanism positioned on said rod between said upper and lower ends of said shaft such that when in a locked position said locking mechanism holds said gripping means in position extending through said tip; wherein said gripping means comprises a rigid anti-slip surface, and wherein said locking mechanism is activated by exerting a downward force on said control knob and then rotating said control knob.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a longitudinal position of said locking mechanism is controlled by at least one spring, wherein said spring exerts an upward force on said rod.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said spring is positioned substantially near said locking mechanism.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said spring is positioned substantially near said control knob.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said spring is positioned substantially near said tip.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said rod is supported within said shaft on the upper end by a press fit bushing.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said control knob is selected from the group consisting of a knurled knob and a handle.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said walking assistance device is selected from the group consisting of a forearm crutch, an underarm crutch, a platform crutch, a strutter crutch, a cane, a walking stick, and a walker.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said crutch comprises: at least two generally straight upper tubes positioned substantially parallel to each other; a shoulder pad fabricated of elastomeric material positioned at the top of each of the two tubes thereby connecting them in a substantially parallel configuration; and a hand grip fabricated of elastomeric material and includes an axial aperture extending there through and is positioned between the two tubes; wherein said retractable gripping device is positioned longitudinally between and secured to a lower end of said straight upper tubes such that said control knob is located near said hand grip and said tip is located at the lower end of said crutch.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a vertical position of said retractable gripping device is adjusted by engaging to at least one pair of matching holes on the two upper tubes.
 11. An apparatus for a retractable gripping device for use with a walking assistance device, said apparatus comprising: a shaft that is made of a rigid material, said shaft having an upper and lower end, wherein said lower end has a tip positioned thereon; a control knob positioned at the upper end of said shaft; a gripping means positioned at the lower end of said shaft; a rod having a longitudinal bore therethrough, said rod being positioned longitudinally within said shaft, said rod connecting said knob and said gripping means for providing a gripping action to a surface on which the walking assistance device is used; a fluid chamber containing a fluid; and a compression chamber formed within a lower end of said shaft by first and second bushings within said shaft having lateral seal therein; wherein said gripping means comprises a rigid anti-slip surface, and wherein upon activation of said control knob said fluid is forced from said fluid chamber through said rod into said compression chamber to exert downward force on said second bushing to force movement of said gripping means through a bottom end of said shaft.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said apparatus further comprises a spring positioned substantially near said second to exert upward force upon said second bushing to retract said gripping means.
 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said rod is supported within said shaft on the upper end by a press fit bushing.
 14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said control knob is selected from the group consisting of a knurled knob and a handle.
 15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said walking assistance device is selected from the group consisting of a forearm crutch, an underarm crutch, a platform crutch, a strutter crutch, a cane, a walking stick, and a walker.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said crutch comprises: at least two generally straight upper tubes positioned substantially parallel to each other; a shoulder pad fabricated of elastomeric material positioned at the top of each of the two tubes thereby connecting them in a substantially parallel configuration; and a hand grip fabricated of elastomeric material and includes an axial aperture extending there through and is positioned between the two tubes; wherein said retractable gripping device is positioned longitudinally between and secured to a lower end of said straight upper tubes such that said control knob is located near said hand grip and said tip is located at the lower end of said crutch.
 17. An apparatus for a retractable gripping device for use with a walking assistance device, said apparatus comprising: a shaft that is made of a rigid material, said shaft having an upper and lower end, wherein said lower end has a tip positioned thereon; a control knob positioned at the upper end of said shaft; a gripping means positioned at the lower end of said shaft; a rod position longitudinally within said shaft, said rod connecting said knob and said gripping means for providing a gripping action to a surface on which the walking assistance device is used; and a locking mechanism positioned on said rod between said upper and lower ends of said shaft such that when in a locked position said locking mechanism holds said gripping means in position extending through said tip, said locking mechanism comprising interlocking pits and teeth; wherein said gripping means comprises a rigid anti-slip surface, wherein said locking mechanism is activated by exerting a first downward force on said control knob, and wherein said locking mechanism is deactivated by exerting a second downward force on said control knob.
 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein a longitudinal position of said locking mechanism is controlled by at least one spring, wherein said spring exerts an upward force on said rod.
 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said spring is positioned substantially near said locking mechanism.
 20. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said spring is positioned substantially near said tip.
 21. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said rod is supported within said shaft on the upper end by a press fit bushing.
 22. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said control knob is selected from the group consisting of a knurled knob and a handle.
 23. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said walking assistance device is selected from the group consisting of a forearm crutch, an underarm crutch, a platform crutch, a strutter crutch, a cane, a walking stick, and a walker.
 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein said crutch comprises: at least two generally straight upper tubes positioned substantially parallel to each other; a shoulder pad fabricated of elastomeric material positioned at the top of each of the two tubes thereby connecting them in a substantially parallel configuration; and a hand grip fabricated of elastomeric material and includes an axial aperture extending there through and is positioned between the two tubes; wherein said retractable gripping device is positioned longitudinally between and secured to a lower end of said straight upper tubes such that said control knob is located near said hand grip and said tip is located at the lower end of said crutch.
 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein a vertical position of said retractable gripping device is adjusted by engaging to at least one pair of matching holes on the two upper tubes. 